java中的okhttp使用教程-mile米乐体育

目录

• 什么是okhttp
• okhttp基本使用
• 添加依赖
• okhttp工具类
• 使用案例
• 发送get请求
• 发送post请求
• 发送异步请求

什么是okhttp

一般在java平台上，我们会使用apache httpclient作为http客户端，用于发送 http 请求，并对响应进行处理。比如可以使用http客户端与第三方服务(如sso服务)进行集成，当然还可以爬取网上的数据等。okhttp与httpclient类似，也是一个http客户端，提供了对 http/2 和 spdy 的支持，并提供了连接池，gzip 压缩和 http 响应缓存功能；

okhttp是目前非常火的网络库，它有以下特性：

1.支持http/2，允许所有同一个主机地址的请求共享同一个socket连接

2.连接池减少请求延时

3.透明的gzip压缩减少响应数据的大小

4.缓存响应内容，避免一些完全重复的请求

okhttp基本使用

• okhttpclient：客户端对象
• request：访问请求，post请求中需要包含requestbody
• requestbody：请求数据，在post请求中用到
• response：即网络请求的响应结果
• mediatype：数据类型，用来表明数据是jsonxhyigbe，image，pdf等一系列格式
• client.newcall(request).execute()：同步的请求方法
• client.newcall(request).enqueue(callback callback)：异步的请求方法，但callback是执行在子线程中的，因此不能在此进行ui更新操作

米乐app官网登录官网：http://square.github.io/okhttp/

添加依赖

com.squareup.okhttp3 okhttp 3.10.0 com.alibaba fastjson 1.2.60恰卡编程网gt;

okhttp工具类

package com.loginsimpl.utils; import com.alibaba.fastjson.json; import okhttp3.*; import javax.net.ssl.sslcontext; import javax.net.ssl.sslsocketfactory; import javax.net.ssl.trustmanager; import javax.net.ssl.x509trustmanager; import java.io.ioexception; import java.net.urlencoder; import java.security.securerandom; import java.security.cert.x509certificate; import java.util.linkedhashmap; import java.util.map; import java.util.concurrent.semaphore; import java.util.concurrent.timeunit; public class okhttputils { private static volatile okhttpclient okhttpclient = null; private static volatile semaphore semaphore = null; private map headermap; private map parammap; private string url; private request.builder request; /** * 初始化okhttpclient，并且允许https访问 */ private okhttputils() { if (okhttpclient == null) { synchronized (okhttputils.class) { if (okhttpclient == null) { trustmanager[] trustmanagers = buildtrustmanagers(); okhttpclient = new okhttpclient.builder() .connecttimeout(15, timeunit.seconds) .writetimeout(20, timeunit.seconds) .readtimeout(20, timeunit.seconds) .sslsocketfactory(createsslsocketfactory(trustmanagers), (x509trustmanager) trustmanagers[0]) .hostnameverifier((hostname, session) -> true) .retryonconnectionfailure(true) .build(); addheader("user-agent", "mozilla/5.0 (macintosh; intel mac os x 10_12_6) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/63.0.3239.132 safari/537.36"); } } } } /** * 用于异步请求时，控制访问线程数www.cppcns.com，返回结果 * * @return */ private static semaphore getsemaphoreinstance() { //只能1个线程同时访问 synchronized (okhttputils.class) { if (semaphore == null) { semaphore = new semaphore(0); } } return semaphore; } /** * 创建okhttputils * * @return */ public static okhttputils builder() { return new okhttputils(); } /** * 添加url * * @param url * @return */ public okhttputils { this.url = url; return this; } /** * 添加参数 * * @param key 参数名 * @param value 参数值 * @return */ public okhttputils addparam(string key, string value) { if (parammap == null) { parammap = new linkedhashmap<>(16); } parammap.put(key, value); return this; } /** * 添加请求头 * * @param key 参数名 * @param value 参数值 * @return */ public okhttputils addheader(string key, string value) { if (headermap == null) { headermap = new linkedhashmap<>(16); } headermap.put(key, value); return this; } /** * 初始化get方法 * * @return */ public okhttputils get() { request = new request.builder().get(); stringbuilder urlbuilder = new stringbuilder(url); if (parammap != null) { urlbuilder.append("?"); try { for (map.entry entry : parammap.entryset()) { urlbuilder.append(urlencoder.encode(entry.getkey(), "utf-8")). append("="). append(urlencoder.encode(entry.getvalue(), "utf-8")). append("&"); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } urlbuilder.deletecharat(urlbuilder.length() - 1); } request.); return this; } /** * 初始化post方法 * * @param isjsonpost true等于json的方式提交数据，类似postman里post方法的raw * false等于普通的表单提交 * @return */ public okhttputils post(boolean isjsonpost) { requestbody requestbody; if (isjsonpost) { string json = ""; if (parammap != null) { json = json.tojsonstring(parammap); } requestbody = requestbody.create(mediatype.parse("application/json; charset=utf-8"), json); } else { formbody.builder formbody = new formbody.builder(); if (parammap != null) { parammap.foreach(formbody::add); } requestbody = formbody.build(); } request = new request.builder().post(requestbody).; return this; } /** * 同步请求 * * @return */ public string sync() { setheader(request); try { response response = okhttpclient.newcall(request.build()).execute(); assert response.body() != null; return response.body().string(); } catch (ioexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); return "请求失败：" e.getmessage(); } } /** * 异步请求，有返回值 (限流的,同一时间只允许一个访问,其他等待) */ public string async() { stringbuilder buffer = new stringbuilder(""); setheader(request); okhttpclient.newcall(request.build()).enqueue(new callback() { @override public void onfailure(call call, ioexception e) { buffer.append("请求出错：").append(e.getmessage()); } @override public void onresponse(call call, response response) throws ioexception { assert response.body() != null; buffer.append(response.body().string()); getsemaphoreinstance().release(); } }); try { getsemaphoreinstance().acquire(); } catch (interruptedexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } return buffer.tostring(); } /** * 异步请求，带有接口回调 * * @param callback */ public void async(icallback callback) { setheader(request); okhttpclient.newcall(request.build()).enqueue(new callback() { @override public void onfailure(call call, ioexception e) { callback.onfailure(call, e.getmessage()); } @override public void onresponse(call call, response response) throws ioexception { assert response.body() != null; callback.onsuccessful(call, response.body().string()); } }); } /** * 为request添加请求头 * * @param request */ private void setheader(request.builder request) { if (headermap != null) { try { for (map.entry entry : headermap.entryset()) { request.addheader(entry.getkey(), entry.getvalue()); } } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } } } /** * 生成安全套接字工厂，用于https请求的证书跳过 * * @return */ private static sslsocketfactory createsslsocketfactory(trustmanager[] trustallcerts) { sslsocketfactory ssffactory = null; try { sslcontext sc = sslcontext.getinstance("ssl"); sc.init(null, trustallcerts, new securerandom()); ssffactory = sc.getsocketfactory(); } catch (exception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } return ssffactory; } private static trustmanager[] buildtrustmanagers() { return new trustmanager[]{ new x509trustmanager() { @override public void checkclienttrusted(x509certificate[] chain, string authtype) { } @override public void checkservertrusted(x509certificate[] chain, string authtype) { } @override public x509certificate[] getacceptedissuers() { return new x509certificate[]{}; } } }; } /** * 自定义一个接口回调 */ public interface icallback { void onsuccessful(call call, string data); void onfailure(call call, string errormsg); } }

使用案例

发送get请求

string sync = okhttputils.builder(). .addheader("token", "xxxxxxx") .addparam("name", "xxx").addparam("pass", "xxx") .get() .sync(); system.out.println(sync);

发送post请求

string sync = okhttputils.builder(). .addheader("token", "xxxxxxx") .addparam("name", "xxx").addparam("pass", "xxx") .post(true) // true 为json提交方式 .sync(); system.out.println(sync);

发送异步请求

需要实现icallback接口

//回调实现类 public class asynchttpserviceimpl implements okhttputils.icallback { @override public void onsuccessful(call call, string data) { //接口正常返回的内容 system.out.println("onsuccessful" data); } @override public void onfailure(call call, string errormsg) { //接口错误返回的内容 system.out.println("onfailure" errormsg); } }

发送异步请求

okhttputils.builder(). .addheader("token", "xxxxxxx") .addparam("name", "xxx").addparam("pass", "xxx") .post(true) .async(new asynchttpserviceimpl());

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